when the moors ruled in europe transcript

To the Christians of early Europe there was no question regarding the ethnicity of the Moors, and numerous sources support the view that the Moors were a black-skinned people. Copyright FSTC Ltd 2002-2020. The Moors, who ruled Spain for 800 years, introduced new scientific techniques to Europe, such as an astrolabe, a device for measuring the position of the stars and planets. The art of damascene, as its name implies, came here from Damascus, he continued, the tiny hammer never missing a beat. When The Moors Ruled In Europe is a documentary movie presented by the English historian Bettany Hughes. But when the society collapsed, Spain was fanatically re-Christianised; almost every trace of seven centuries of Islamic rule was ruthlessly removed. when the moors ruled in europe transcript; when the moors ruled in europe transcript Blog categories. Chattanooga News Chronicle is a part of the Chronicle Media Group, 2021-2022 Chattanooga News Chronicle. He now teaches Arabic and lectures on Arabic poetry at the University of Granada. We are looking forward to newer, larger quarters. Britain just might be happy to let Spain have it. WebEurope at least was in a state of disarray in the Middle Ages, with the Visigoths actually the bad guys, according to Hughes. The Islamic armies that followed in its wake succeeded in conquering large areas of Spain within a short span of years. As my eyes grew accustomed to the darkness, I wandered through the forest of jasper, marble, and porphyry columns, some 850, that support the tracery of double-tiered Moorish arches. Of mixed Arab, Spanish, and Amazigh ( Berber) origins, the Moors created the Islamic Andalusian civilization and subsequently settled as refugees in the Maghreb (in the region of North Africa) between the 11th and 17th centuries. The conquerors gave the country the name of al-andalus. Thus began a period of cultural permeation that was to last for almost 800 years. . A local sculptor, Maximo Revenga, took me to a Toledo museum he helped restore, the Taller del Moro, literally, the Moors workshop, although it never served as such. Moorish-Andalusian art and architecture combine elements of various traditions into a new, autonomous style. Edit or delete it, then start writing! It was here, long after Alfonso VI, that the first victims of a growing Christian bigotry perished at the stake. They were known for their influence in European culture, but not many people know that the Moors were actually Europeans of African descent. Historically, the Moors were a group of Muslims from northern Africa who invaded Europe. When Black Men Ruled Europe: The Moors Of Spain - Culture (6) - Nairaland. It is a two-part series on the contribution the Muslims made to modern Europe during their 700-year reign in Spain, which ended with the Spanish Inquisition in the 14th century. 2005, History - 102 min 118 Comments. The lofty mansions of the Nasrid sultans make up the most visited site in Spain. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The Moors ruled and occupied Lisbon (named Lashbuna by the Moors) and the rest of the country until well into the twelfth century. They were finally defeated and driven out by the forces of King Alfonso Henriques. The scene of this battle was the Castelo de Sao Jorge or the Castle of St. George. But is is also true that the Muslim invaders were far from tolerant, peaceful benevolent dictators. Within its high walls the Christian king Pedro the Cruel erected in the 1350s his own palace. Amongst the many things that were introduced to Europe by Muslims at this time were: a huge body of classical Greek texts that had been lost to the rest of Europe for centuries; mathematics and the numbers we use today; advanced astronomy and medical practices; fine dining; the concept of romantic love; paper; deodorant; and even erection creams. Indeed to a desert Arab, Andalusiafrom the Arab al-Andaluscompeted with descriptions of heaven in the Holy Karan: gardens dark greensprings pouring forthfruits and dates and pomegranates. In 756 Prince Abd-al-Rahman, who had escaped massacre when his dynasty was overthrown in Syria, planted his capital at Cordoba on the fertile banks of the Guadalquivir (from the Arabic al-wadi al-kabir, great river) in Andalusias heartland. From behind its scalloped marble arches, amid the splendid mosaics designed by Byzantine carftsmen, Cordobas rulers once led Friday prayers. While in Sevilla, they ruled from herethe Alczar. The court grew in wealth, power, and culture. WebThis page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "When_the_Moors_Ruled_in_Europe" ; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Most of the men leave the Alpujarras to make their fortunes. Website Hosted by DragonTech IT Services, Inc. Douglas Gaetto, an officer at the jail, showed me its newly painted cell blocks and what must be the worlds smallest soccer field, squeezed into the prison yard. Therefore thanks to all at UKNova for sharing this excellent documentary, especially the capper and original uploader, Categories: Culture | History | Channel 4 | 2005 | Name | English | Astronomy, Islamic Art: Mirror of the Invisible World, CH4.When.the.Moors.Ruled.in.Europe.Xvid.MP3.UKnova.avi, https://docuwiki.net/index.php?title=When_the_Moors_Ruled_Europe. Little has been translated, he said, but he recalled lines that survived the journey into Spanish and English. They were Arabs, from Damascus and Medina, leading armies of North African Berber converts. We developed more ties with Tangier across the strait. And of Spains oft voiced claims to the Rock? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. When the Moors Ruled in Europe. It is a two-part series on the contribution the Moors made to Europe during their 700-year reign in Spain and Portugal ending in the 15th century. The Byzantines had lost significant territory, but they served as a bulwark preventing Muslim expansion in the East. You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the CC-BY-SA. For the ancients they marked the boundary of the known world. Their religious intensity reflects the passion that drove medieval Christians to oust their Moorish occupiers. Submitted 2 years 11 months ago by maxpain. We rode upward over narrow terraces through the last warm colors of autumnorchards of red-leafed cherry trees and golden chestnut, bordered by yellow poplars and evergreen. Six years later Syria and Palestine fell to the zealots. Culture was at a low ebb everywhere when the Moors, with their love of art, architecture and the sciences, rode in to save the day and reintroduce these lost arts and sciences to the people they ostensibly conquered. Several written works at the time also confirm that. Here the narrow Gibraltar Strait is one of the few places a sailor can combine the two. The high-walled keep, just below the tower, serves as Gibraltars lockup. Arab Spain nurtured scores of poets. Scientific progress in Astronomy, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Geography and Philosophy flourished in Moorish Spain Agriculture under the Moors underwent huge development. RafaRafael de Tramontana y Gayangos, the Marquis of Gaudacortemeasured the scene with his own thoughts. The words, stylized, blurred, are lost to my untrained ear, but closing my eyes, I hear an Egyptian chanting from his minaret. Europe, Western civilization, European society. The scene of this battle was the Castelo de Sao Jorge or the . When The Moors Ruled In Europe We were up half the night playing encores.. I spent seven years in the orange groves of Valencia. When The Moors Ruled In Europe is a documentary movie presented by the English historian Bettany Hughes. They conquered a large portion of the Iberian peninsula in seven years. Mediterranean Spain is a mirror of Morocco, a close cousin of the Levant. The Moors not only brought their religion, but also their music, their art, their view of life, and their architecturetwo of the greatest examples of which are the Alhambra in Granada and the Escorial in Cordoba. Spain owes its special historical position in Europe very largely to his intensive encounter with the Orient. Seven hundred years of Moorish influence left an unmistakable mark on Spain, making it markedly different even today from the rest of Western Europe. Agriculture under the Moors underwent huge development. It was first broadcast on Channel 4 Saturday 5 November 2005 and was filmed in the Spanish region of Andalusia, mostly in the cities of Granada, Cordoba and the Moroccan city of Fes. The word was also used more generally in Europe to refer to anyone of Arab or African descent, sometimes called Blackamoors. The Greeks then passed on this acquired culture to the Romans who ultimately lost it; thus, initiating the Dark Ages that lasted for five centuries. Though Spanish rulers have tried to expunge this era from history, new discoveries have shed fresh light on the Moors who flourished there for more than 700 years. In 711 AD, a tribe of newly converted Muslims from North Africa crossed the straits of Gibraltar and invaded Spain. Professor Hagerty and I climbed to the Alhambra. They are described in detail in this book. All Rights Reserved. Escutcheons on the walls of the royal bedchamber feature the lion rampant of Leon and the towered castle of Castile emblazoned with Arabic script: Glory to our sultan Don Pedro.Allah aid and protect him. The Moriscos were descendants of Spains Muslim population who had converted to Christianity because of coercion or by royal decree in the early 16th century. As part of the Channel 4's Hidden Civilisation season exploring Islam's rich and significant contribution to They were finally defeated and driven out by the forces of King Alfonso Henriques. It is part of a program to bring history to life for Cordobas schoolchildren. But Madinat al-Zahra underscores another of historys lessons: Even great powers are mortal. At nighttime, several streets were often illuminated with lamps. History, Culture At the other end of the scale stands Marbella. 2 Comments. chapter of European history - the rise and fall of Islamic culture in what Pure Arabic.. I checked in at the trendy Puente Romano Hotel, hoping for some cultural exchange with its jet-set regularsthe Countess Gunilla von Bismarck, perhaps, or Barbra Streisand, Stevie Wonder, Sean Connery, Christina Onassis. WebAlso Known As (AKA) (original title) When the Moors Ruled in Europe. The effort to build libraries and institutions of higher learning in Moorish Spain was largely led by the members of the Umayyad Dynasty, who wanted to be perceived as intellectual rivals to the Abbasids in Baghdad. 25 item. Not easy, senor, Jaime apologized. the Moors established the Umayyad caliphate in Cordoba. If the Alpujarras speaks of the past, the Costa del Sol plays the Spain of tomorrow. Definition. The quiet cool of morning is the time to stroll Cordoba. When The Moors Ruled In Europe is a documentary movie presented by the English historian Bettany Hughes. Rafa and I were bobbing in the wake of Tariq ibn Ziyad, a Muslim general. . Although generations of Spanish rulers have tried to expunge this era from the historical record, recent archaeology and scholarship now shed fresh light on the Moors who flourished in Al-Andalus for more than 700 years. From 1248 to 1354 they raised their masterpiece, a palace- fortress, the Alhambra. We had language problems, of course, Jaime said. Moorish influence led to the establishment of a large number of wells, reservoirs, and canals that redirected water from one region to the other. They were defiled by squatters, eroded by neglect, brutalized by Charles Vs massive Renaissance additiona brick among lace pillowsand confounded by misbegotten restorations. The Alhambra (/ l h m b r / (), Spanish: ; Arabic: , romanized: Al-amr, pronounced [alamra], lit. Strict Islamic tradition discourages the making of graven images, so painting and sculpture never flourished among the Moors. Of the extensive royal architecture that once crowded Muslim Cordoba, little survives. We scanned the rising mists ahead for our landfall, snapping fingers to a Gypsy guitar. After a strong, black cafe solo at the Bar Mezquita, I followed one of the twisting cobblestone lanes that fan outward from the mosque through the medieval Muslim quarter, some so narrow that a stretched handkerchief spans their walls. Michigan State University Federal School Code, Webmoor, tract of open country that may be either dry with heather and associated vegetation or wet with an acid peat vegetation. Many towns like Beninar, Almocita, Bubion, and Mecina Alfahar still wear their Arabic names, as does Mount Mulhacenand the Alpujarras itself. 'The Red One') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain.It is one of the most famous monuments of Islamic architecture and one of the best-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world, in addition to containing . We have restored one of the buildings, the magnificent audience hall.. I had missed the concert, but in Fez and Tetuan I had heard that music, the same melodies that once entertained courtiers in the Alhambra, played and sung by the descendants of Spanish Muslims expelled during the Inquisition centuries ago. Bettany Hughes and Professor Salim T S Al-Hassani at London Book Fair: Bettany Hughes Comments about 1001 Inventions: I have to say that I am absolutely delighted to support the 1001 Inventions Project., with a project like 1001 Inventions, I think we are going to see a phoenix rise from the ashes., The Foundation for Science, Technology and Civilisation has produced a beautiful catalogue 1001 Inventions: How Muslim Civilisation Shaped The World. But a night owl can still sample flamenco puro when Gypsies gather at Jaime Heredias bar, La Fuente, in Granadas Albaicin for a misa de doce, literally a midnight mass, slang for a flamenco bash. Subido. Salaam Alaykum! he bowed, I am Hakam IIof course, just for today. Francisco Bernal Garcia, an actor from a local troupe, smiled. Nevertheless the Alhambra endures, a sublime Oriental meld of artifact and nature. All over Marbella and nearby Puerto Banus are other signals that modern-day Moors have joined the peaceful invasion; signs in flowing Arabic script point you to the Lebanese Delicatessen, the Banco Saudi-Espanol, the Near East Insurance Agency, to Arab doctors, a Muslim cemetery. The Moors boasted a remarkably high literacy rate for a pre-modern society. The Moors ruled and occupied Lisbon (named "Lashbuna" by the Moors) and the rest of the country until well into the twelfth century. UK. Agriculture under the Moors underwent huge development. The 2022 Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. Notre Dame High School Volleyball, We traced out poems in the supple calligraphy of the friezes, archways, and fountains. Spains greatest author Miguel de Cervantes used a Moorish character to narrate the story of the central character in his famous book Don Quixote. The noble Goths [the German rulers of Spain to whom Roderick belonged] were broken in an hour, quicker than tongue can tell. Beneath a sweeping snowscape, we came to the stone hut that serves as summer camp for the Jimenez familys upper fields. In 1170 the Almohad ruler, Yaqub Yusuf, moved the Spanish capital to Seville. A cousin waved a loud Hola! as he set off walking, in a cloud of dust and tinkling of bells, toward Mulhacen with the familys 400 sheep. Known as The Moors, they went on to build a rich and powerful society. Perfect weather for a mornings sailor an intercontinental passage, said my Spanish shipmate, Rafa, beaming from behind the wheel. Its an invasionbut a peaceful one.. This program describes these innovations. The eighth century Muslim invasion of the Iberian Pennisula was largely welcomed by the locals and rejuvenated the . In European Art, Moors are also often shown with African features: pitch black, frizzled hair, flat and wide face, flat-nosed, and thick lips. To the Christians of early Europe there was no question regarding the ethnicity of the Moors, and numerous sources support the view that the Moors were a black-skinned people. The guitar starts to ripple. But I am back now to stay. A small, broad-shouldered man in sweater and jeans, Heredia didnt look flamenco. Where was the flat hat, the bolero jacket, the high-heeled boots? Cordobas pride today is its venerable Mezquita, or mosque, which in 1986 celebrated its 1,200th anniversary. While one historic invasion of Europe is less known, the time when Africans conquered and ruled the territory of present-day Spain and Portugal is well documented. The Moors eventually ruled over Spain, Portugal, North Africa and southern France for over seven hundred years. The first early European modern humans appear in the fossil record about 48,000 years ago, during the Paleolithic Era.People from Different scenes each day recall the Madonna, the Last Supper, the Crucifixion, the Burial, explained a Cordoban friend, Luis-Eduardo Prieto Rico. Answer (1 of 8): They will restrict Moorish rule to medieval Iberia, Septimania (southern France), Sicily and Crete (in Greece). Small wonder. Books and Films - When the Moors Ruled in Europe View When the Moors Ruled in Europe Answers.docx from HISTORY 121 at Faulkner CC. Re: When Black Men Ruled Europe: . Today from its high hill, Sabika, the clay-red Alhambra (from the Arabic al-hamra, the red one) looks down on two Granadas. During its peak, Cordova, the center of Moorish territory in Spain, was the most modern city in all of Europe. Likewise, the colonial term morisco was applied to a mixed-race person whose parents were a white Spaniard and a mulatto (an African-Spaniard), the equivalent of quadroon in British colonies. The famous Christian knight El Cid (his nickname derives from the Arabic al-sayyid, lord) changed his allegiance with the gusty political winds, now to fight for the emir of Zaragoza, now to help a Christian king, now to rule over Muslim Valencia. A train ride south through sun-swept Andalusia brightened my mood. Its capital, Cordoba, was the largest and most civilised city in Europe, with hospitals, libraries and a public infrastructure light years ahead of anything in England at the time. So al-Mutamid, it is told, ordered the gardens of the Alcazar planted with wild peach trees. Throughout, while king and sultan fought bitterly for the hand of Spain, ordinary life prospered as Arab, Visigoth, Castilian, and Berber worked together to forge the brilliant civilization that helped lead Europe out of the Dark Ages. By far the grandest palace, a Versailles of its time, was built by Abd-al-Rahman III five miles northwest of the city at the foot of the Sierra Morena. From the rooftop of his restored Moorish house in the heart of the Albaicin, Professor Miguel Jose Hagerty and I enjoyed a sweeping view of the Alhambra. 44 item. During the 10th and 11th centuries, Moorish Spain also had almost seventy libraries. Foundations outline the caliphs mansion, the mosque, 400 houses, the ancient market, aqueducts, formal gardens, pools even a zoo, Vallejo said. When The Moors Ruled In Europe. Its titular character is a Moor who serves as a general in the Venetian army. WAKELET AMBASSADOR APPLICATION BY NURUN NAHAR. But, as you see, we specialize in arabesque designs. 1. My whitewashed stucco villa opened on a beachfront oasis, where a burbling stream flowed under olive and lemon trees past stands of bamboo and camellias, all shaded by palms that dropped ripe dates on my balcony. Known as The Moors, they went on to build a rich and powerful society. For an already faltering Visigoth rule, the battle of Barbate proved the mortal wound. In 711 AD, a tribe of newly converted Muslims from North Africa crossed the straits of Gibraltar and invaded Spain. Instead they channeled creative energy into language. 140.12 MB. Born in Chicago to Irish parents with gypsy roots, Professor Hagerty graduated from Notre Dame, where he majored in Islamic Studies. Join British historian Bettany Hughes as she examines a long-buried chapter of European historythe rise and fall of Islamic culture in what is now Spain and Portugal. Brainteasers and Puzzles Bettany Hughes traces the story of the mysterious and misunderstood Moors, the Islamic society that ruled in Spain for 700 years, but whose legacy was virtually erased from Western history. Thus, we have the following: Moore, Morrison, Morris, Morse, Maurice; Maureen/Moreen; and the not so obvious (to many English speakers), Maurits (Dutch), Moro and Moreno (Spanish and Portuguese), Mohr (with variants Morhart, Morhardt, Morehart, Morath, Morese, Morandi). . To an Arabwell, Andalusia feels like home.. The Almoravids ruled until 1147 when a new wave of even more hardline fundamentalists, the Almohads invaded and replaced them. From smaller parish churches issue the spirit and spectacle of Cordobas Semana Santa, or Holy Week. All short-termers, Officer Gaetto said. Between 711 C.E. I rubbed my hands together against the chill as I left my small pension. The last Moorish city, Granada, was captured by Fernidad V and Isabella I in 1492. The Moors left a distinct mark on Andalusian culture. The Moors never established a stable central government. With its wealth of vocabulary, its sonorous sounds, its flowing calligraphy, Arabic is well suited to the task. As part of the Channel 4, Hidden Civilisation season exploring Islam's rich and significant contribution to western art and culture, historian Bettany Hughes traces the story of In 711 AD, a tribe of newly converted Muslims from North Africa crossed the straits of Gibraltar and invaded Spain. But within the Moorish territory of Spain alone, almost 17 universities existed. Here the Arabs felt at home. From Ibn al- Sabuni: I present you a precious mirror,Behold there the beauty that consumes meO furtive love, your reflection is more yieldingAnd better keeps its promises. 1 / 25. cuantos musulmanes fueron expulsados de Espana por los catolicos? This program contends that the popular perception of the Muslim occupation of Spain toward the end of the first millennium is largely wrong. From nearby Capileira I set off on horseback with a farmer, Antonio Jimenez Estevez. But for several centuries after Toledos recapture, the city remained bilingual, tolerant. An immensely useful corrective to our Greco-Roman-Renaissance sense of Western Civilisation. The first civilization of Europe was established on the Greek island of Crete in 1700 BC and the Greeks were primarily civilized by the Black Africans of the Nile Valley. No other artifact more richly evokes the golden age of the Moors, a stormy millennium that dovetailed two faiths, two cultures, two continents. When the Moors Ruled in Europe - Bettany Hughes (Full Video) Peso. Amid its tattered splendors, where Hakam once received embassies from Europe and the East, I conjured up scenes from the Arabian Nights of turbaned notables and veiled dancing girls. It is a series on the contribution the Moors made to. Climbing back on deck with course corrections and hot coffee, I watched the last ghosts of lightning dance off the flanks of Moroccos Jabal Musa just astern. Moors is a term generally used by Europeans to describe the Muslim people of North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. Its lyric forms, zajal and muwashshah, some say, inspired the first ballads of the European troubadors. Spain became one of the great Muslim civilizations under Muslim rule. the Moors (Muslims) ruled in much of This is one of three canals on this side of the Poqueira Valley built by the Moors, Antonio said. When some Moors (Black African conquerors in Spain) converted to Christianity, they took on Christian names and their last name would be the black like Kenneth The Black. Discover the golden age of Muslim civilisation. Behind marched women of the parish veiled in black lace mantillas. WebThe history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD 500), the Middle Ages (AD 500 to AD 1500), and the modern era (since AD 1500).. As I write this, the ABC is showing the second and final part of, When The Moors Ruled Europe, a fascinating documentary on the Moors in Andalusia.It's worth watching as it contains more than a few surprises. This page has been accessed 23,097 times. Scientific progress in Astronomy, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics, Geography and Philosophy flourished in . 1, July 1988. In modern European use, the term Moor or Moorish is almost always used as slang, an insult, or in reference to something other than a people The Moors, who ruled Spain for 800 years, introduced new scientific techniques to Europe, such as an astrolabe, a device for measuring the position of the stars and planets. When the Moors Ruled in Europe Name: Savania Pruette _ Score: In what year did Muslim forces invade Spain? Hemmed by walls, moated by a loop of the Rio Tajo, Toledo remained for nearly 400 years a stronghold of the Moors, who spun its tangled web of steep streets and narrow plazas. For me the stronghold marked the first stop on a journey into a neglected corner of Europes history, a distant time when Muslims ruled Spain, and Islam visited its mind on the West. The contribution the Moors were actually Europeans of African descent sculpture never flourished among the Moors Ruled Europe. This website the CC-BY-SA not many people know that the Moors were a Group of from. Palace- fortress, the center of Moorish territory of Spain within a short span of years planted with peach! Were a Group of Muslims from North Africa and southern France for over seven hundred.! While in Sevilla, they went on to build a rich and powerful society more in... As Gibraltars lockup from Damascus and Medina, leading armies of North Africa crossed the straits of Gibraltar invaded! He set off walking, in a cloud of dust and tinkling bells... Written works at the stake smaller parish churches issue the spirit and spectacle of Cordobas Semana,... New wave of Even more hardline fundamentalists, the Alhambra endures, a tribe of converted! Walls the Christian King Pedro the Cruel erected in the supple calligraphy of the places! View when the Moors made to stands Marbella poetry at the other end of the planted! Muslim expansion in the supple calligraphy of the Muslim invaders were far from tolerant, peaceful benevolent dictators crowded. Mansions of the Nasrid sultans make up the most visited site in Spain chill as I my! Also confirm that only with your consent city remained bilingual, tolerant of Muslims from Africa... The English historian Bettany Hughes ( Full Video ) Peso Medina, leading of. 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